Presentations

Group Meeting: Fit Data with Artificial Neural Network (Siyu) Friday, October 23, 2020:
group_meeting.pdf

The artificial neural network is used to fit inputs (predictors) and target (predictand) and then perform the prediction. We solve the input-output fitting problem by applying a two-layer feed-forward neural network, with a tan-sigmoid (also known as hyperbolic tangent) transfer function in the hidden layer and a linear transfer function in the output layer. The neural network is trained using the Bayesian Regularization backpropagation algorithm,...

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Group Meeting: Data-Driven Estimates of Evapotranspiration and its controls in the Congo Basin Friday, October 16, 2020:
groupmeeting10.16new.pptx
Burnett et al. (2020) estimated evapotranspiration (ET) in the Congo Basin using the water mass balance. They found that  although precipitation (a dominant factor in driving evapotranspiration) is higher in the fall rainy season, evapotranspiration is higher in the spring rainy season. After comparing the seasonal cycle of  ET to potential drivers such as EVI, SIF/PAR, net radiation, VPD, and total water storage, they concluded that this peak in the spring rainy season was likely due to higher levels of solar irradiance and greater soil water availability. (Sarah)
Group Meeting: The Amplification of Precipitation Extremes under Climate Change (Mingxin) Friday, September 4, 2020:
atmospheric_warming_and_the_amplification_of_precipitation_extremes648.pdf

Climate models suggest that extreme precipitation events will become more common in a warmer climate. Allan & Soden (2008) used satellite observations and model simulations to examine the response of tropical precipitation events to naturally driven changes in surface temperature and atmospheric moisture content. However, model projections often underestimate the future changes in extreme precipitation events in response to global warming.

References:
Allan, R. P., & Soden, B. J. (2008). Atmospheric warming and the amplification of precipitation extremes....

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Group Meeting: Linkage between cold season Pacific SST, Southwest dryness, and Great Plains summer drought (Yizhou) Friday, August 28, 2020
Although the influence of sea surface temperature (SST) forcing and large scale teleconnection on summer droughts over the United States (US) Great Plains has been suggested for decades, the underlying mechanisms are still not fully understood. Here we show a significant correlation between the low-level moisture condition over the US Southwest in spring and rainfall variability over the Great Plains in summer.  Such a connection is due to a strong influence of the Southwest dryness on the zonal moisture advection to the Great Plains during spring to summer. The latter is an important... Read more about Group Meeting: Linkage between cold season Pacific SST, Southwest dryness, and Great Plains summer drought (Yizhou)
Group Meeting: The Origin of the Pacific Climate Variability and Its Linkage to the Tropics (Siyu) Friday, August 21, 2020:
group-meeting_200821_siyu.pdf

The coupled ocean–atmosphere interactions are important to understand Pacific climate varaibility. The extratropics and tropics can be linked through an equatorward subsurface oceanic pathway and a return atmospheric bridge. The footprinting and recurrence mechanisms can be used to understand the predictability of SST when we use SST indices to predict the western US hydroclimate systems.

Group Meeting: Introduction to Panoply data viewer (Yizhou) Friday, August 14, 2020

Panoply is a multi-platform geo-data viewer developed by NASA GISS, which supports many data format, such as netCDF, HDF, GRIB, etc. To download Panoply, go to https://www.giss.nasa.gov/tools/panoply/. Make sure you have Java runtime (https://www.java.com/en/) installed in your system before running Panoply. Using Panoply, you can make high-quality figure with just a few clicks instead of writing lines of code. However, main purpose of Panoply is not to replace regular coding-based plotting...

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